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- /*
- HEADER: CUG219;
- TITLE: 8048 Cross-Assembler (Portable);
- FILENAME: A48UTIL.C;
- VERSION: 0.2;
- DATE: 11/09/1988;
-
- DESCRIPTION: "This program lets you use your computer to assemble
- code for the Intel 8048 family of microprocessors.
- The program is written in portable C rather than BDS
- C. All assembler features are supported except
- relocation, linkage, and macros.";
-
- KEYWORDS: Software Development, Assemblers, Cross-Assemblers,
- Intel, 8048;
-
- SYSTEM: CP/M-80, CP/M-86, HP-UX, MSDOS, PCDOS, QNIX;
- COMPILERS: Aztec C86, Aztec CII, CI-C86, Eco-C, Eco-C88, HP-UX,
- Lattice C, Microsoft C, QNIX C;
-
- WARNINGS: "This program has compiled successfully on 2 UNIX
- compilers, 5 MSDOS compilers, and 2 CP/M compilers.
- A port to Toolworks C is untried."
-
- AUTHORS: William C. Colley III;
- */
-
- /*
- 8048 Cross-Assembler in Portable C
-
- Copyright (c) 1985,1987 William C. Colley, III
-
- Revision History:
-
- Ver Date Description
-
- 0.0 APR 1987 Adapted from version 2.4 of my portable 1805A cross-
- assembler. WCC3.
-
- 0.1 AUG 1988 Fixed a bug in the command line parser that puts it
- into a VERY long loop if the user types a command line
- like "A48 FILE.ASM -L". WCC3 per Alex Cameron.
-
- 0.2 NOV 1988 Fixed a name conflict between a variable and a goto
- label that caused some compilers to choke. WCC3.
-
- This file contains the main program and line assembly routines for the
- assembler. The main program parses the command line, feeds the source lines
- to the line assembly routine, and sends the results to the listing and object
- file output routines. It also coordinates the activities of everything. The
- line assembly routine uses the expression analyzer and the lexical analyzer to
- parse the source line convert it into the object bytes that it represents.
- */
-
- /* Get global goodies: */
-
- #include "a48.h"
-
- /* Define global mailboxes for all modules: */
-
- char errcode, line[MAXLINE + 1], title[MAXLINE];
- int pass = 0;
- int eject, filesp, forwd, listhex;
- unsigned address, bytes, errors, listleft, obj[MAXLINE], pagelen, pc;
- FILE *filestk[FILES], *source;
- TOKEN token;
-
- /* Mainline routine. This routine parses the command line, sets up */
- /* the assembler at the beginning of each pass, feeds the source text */
- /* to the line assembler, feeds the result to the listing and hex file */
- /* drivers, and cleans everything up at the end of the run. */
-
- static int done, ifsp, off;
-
- void main(argc,argv)
- int argc;
- char **argv;
- {
- SCRATCH unsigned *o;
- int newline();
- void asm_line();
- void lclose(), lopen(), lputs();
- void hclose(), hopen(), hputc();
- void error(), fatal_error(), warning();
-
- printf("8048 Cross-Assembler (Portable) Ver 0.1\n");
- printf("Copyright (c) 1985,1987 William C. Colley, III\n\n");
-
- while (--argc > 0) {
- if (**++argv == '-') {
- switch (toupper(*++*argv)) {
- case 'L': if (!*++*argv) {
- if (!--argc) { warning(NOLST); break; }
- else ++argv;
- }
- lopen(*argv);
- break;
-
- case 'O': if (!*++*argv) {
- if (!--argc) { warning(NOHEX); break; }
- else ++argv;
- }
- hopen(*argv);
- break;
-
- default: warning(BADOPT);
- }
- }
- else if (filestk[0]) warning(TWOASM);
- else if (!(filestk[0] = fopen(*argv,"r"))) fatal_error(ASMOPEN);
- }
- if (!filestk[0]) fatal_error(NOASM);
-
- while (++pass < 3) {
- fseek(source = filestk[0],0L,0); done = off = FALSE;
- errors = filesp = ifsp = pagelen = pc = 0; title[0] = '\0';
- while (!done) {
- errcode = ' ';
- if (newline()) {
- error('*');
- strcpy(line,"\tEND\n");
- done = eject = TRUE; listhex = FALSE;
- bytes = 0;
- }
- else asm_line();
- pc = word(pc + bytes);
- if (pass == 2) {
- lputs();
- for (o = obj; bytes--; hputc(*o++));
- }
- }
- }
-
- fclose(filestk[0]); lclose(); hclose();
-
- if (errors) printf("%d Error(s)\n",errors);
- else printf("No Errors\n");
-
- exit(errors);
- }
-
- /* Line assembly routine. This routine gets expressions and tokens */
- /* from the source file using the expression evaluator and lexical */
- /* analyzer, respectively. It fills a buffer with the machine code */
- /* bytes and returns nothing. */
-
- static char label[MAXLINE];
- static int ifstack[IFDEPTH] = { ON };
-
- static OPCODE *opcod;
-
- void asm_line()
- {
- SCRATCH int i;
- int isalph(), popc();
- OPCODE *find_code(), *find_operator();
- void do_label(), flush(), normal_op(), pseudo_op();
- void error(), pops(), pushc(), trash();
-
- address = pc; bytes = 0; eject = forwd = listhex = FALSE;
- for (i = 0; i < BIGINST; obj[i++] = NOP);
-
- label[0] = '\0';
- if ((i = popc()) != ' ' && i != '\n') {
- if (isalph(i)) {
- pushc(i); pops(label);
- if (find_operator(label)) { label[0] = '\0'; error('L'); }
- }
- else {
- error('L');
- while ((i = popc()) != ' ' && i != '\n');
- }
- }
-
- trash(); opcod = NULL;
- if ((i = popc()) != '\n') {
- if (!isalph(i)) error('S');
- else {
- pushc(i); pops(token.sval);
- if (!(opcod = find_code(token.sval))) error('O');
- }
- if (!opcod) { listhex = TRUE; bytes = BIGINST; }
- }
-
- if (opcod && opcod -> attr & ISIF) { if (label[0]) error('L'); }
- else if (off) { listhex = FALSE; flush(); return; }
-
- if (!opcod) { do_label(); flush(); }
- else {
- listhex = TRUE;
- if (opcod -> attr & PSEUDO) pseudo_op();
- else normal_op();
- while ((i = popc()) != '\n') if (i != ' ') error('T');
- }
- source = filestk[filesp];
- return;
- }
-
- static void flush()
- {
- while (popc() != '\n');
- }
-
- static void do_label()
- {
- SCRATCH SYMBOL *l;
- SYMBOL *find_symbol(), *new_symbol();
- void error();
-
- if (label[0]) {
- listhex = TRUE;
- if (pass == 1) {
- if (!((l = new_symbol(label)) -> attr)) {
- l -> attr = FORWD + VAL;
- l -> valu = pc;
- }
- }
- else {
- if (l = find_symbol(label)) {
- l -> attr = VAL;
- if (l -> valu != pc) error('M');
- }
- else error('P');
- }
- }
- }
-
- static void normal_op()
- {
- SCRATCH unsigned op, minreg, maxreg;
- int grab_a(), grab_comma();
- unsigned expr();
- TOKEN *lex();
- void do_label(), error(), s_error(), unlex();
- static unsigned fixup_table[] = { 0x00, 0x5e, 0x7e, 0x70, 0x00,
- 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c,
- 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x01,
- 0x02, 0x39, 0x3a, 0x08, 0x09,
- 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f,
- 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x20,
- 0x00, 0x00, 0x20, 0x30, 0x00,
- 0x10 };
-
- do_label(); bytes = 1;
- maxreg = ((opcod -> attr & N_TAGS) - 1) +
- (minreg = (opcod -> attr & MIN_TAG) >> 4);
-
- switch (opcod -> attr & OPTYPE) {
- case MOV: op = lex() -> valu;
- if ((token.attr & TYPE) != REG || grab_comma()) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- switch (op) {
- case A: if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == REG) {
- switch (op = token.valu) {
- case PSW: obj[0] = 0xc7;
- break;
-
- case T: obj[0] = 0x42;
- break;
-
- default: if (op < minreg ||
- op > maxreg)
- s_error();
- else
- obj[0] = 0xf0 +
- fixup_table[op];
- break;
- }
- }
- else if ((token.attr & TYPE) == IMM) {
- obj[0] = 0x23; goto do_immediate;
- }
- else s_error();
- break;
-
- case PSW: if (grab_a()) s_error();
- else obj[0] = 0xd7;
- break;
-
- case T: if (grab_a()) s_error();
- else obj[0] = 0x62;
- break;
-
- default: if (op < minreg || op > maxreg)
- s_error();
- else if (grab_a()) {
- if ((token.attr & TYPE) != IMM)
- s_error();
- else {
- obj[0] = 0xb0 +
- fixup_table[op];
- goto do_immediate;
- }
- }
- else obj[0] = 0xa0 + fixup_table[op];
- break;
- }
- break;
-
- case LNG_JMP: if ((op = expr()) > 0xfff) error('V');
- else if (opcod -> valu == 0x14 &&
- (pc & 0x7fe) == 0x7fe) error('B');
- else {
- obj[0] = opcod -> valu + ((op & 0x700) >> 3);
- obj[1] = low(op);
- }
- bytes = 2; break;
-
- case REG_CND: if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) != REG ||
- (op = token.valu) < minreg || op > maxreg ||
- grab_comma()) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- obj[0] = opcod -> valu + fixup_table[op];
- goto do_conditional;
-
- case JMP_CND: obj[0] = opcod -> valu;
- do_conditional: if ((op = expr()) > 0xfff) error('V');
- else if (((pc + 1) ^ op) & 0x700) error('B');
- else obj[1] = low(op);
- bytes = 2; break;
-
- case LOG_OP: if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == REG &&
- (op = token.valu) >= BUS && op <= P2) {
- if (grab_comma() ||
- (lex() -> attr & TYPE) != IMM) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- else {
- obj[0] = opcod -> valu + 0x40 +
- fixup_table[op];
- goto do_immediate;
- }
- }
- unlex();
-
- case ADD_OP: if (grab_a() || grab_comma()) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) != IMM) {
- unlex(); goto one_arg;
- }
- if (opcod -> valu == 0x60 || opcod -> valu == 0x70)
- obj[0] = opcod -> valu - 0x5d;
- else obj[0] = opcod -> valu + 0x03;
- do_immediate: if ((op = expr()) > 0xff && op < 0xff80) error('V');
- else obj[1] = low(op);
- bytes = 2; break;
-
- case A_AT_A: if (grab_a() || grab_comma()) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- goto one_arg;
-
- case OUTPUT: if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) != REG ||
- (op = token.valu) < minreg || op > maxreg ||
- grab_comma() || grab_a()) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- if (!opcod -> valu) op -= 3;
- goto fixup;
-
- case A_REG_2: if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == REG &&
- (op = token.valu) >= minreg && op <= maxreg) {
- if (grab_comma() || grab_a()) s_error();
- else obj[0] = (opcod -> valu ? 0x90 : 0x30)
- + fixup_table[op];
- break;
- }
- unlex();
-
- a_reg_1:
- case A_REG_1: if (grab_a() || grab_comma()) {
- s_error(); break;
- }
- goto one_arg;
-
- case INC_DEC: if (!grab_a()) {
- obj[0] = (opcod -> valu == 0x10 ? 0x17 : 0x07);
- break;
- }
- unlex();
-
- one_arg:
- case ONE_ARG: if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) != REG ||
- (op = token.valu) < minreg || op > maxreg) {
- error ('S'); break;
- }
- fixup: obj[0] = opcod -> valu + fixup_table[op]; break;
-
- case NO_ARG: obj[0] = opcod -> valu; break;
- }
- return;
- }
-
- static int grab_a()
- {
- TOKEN *lex();
-
- return (lex() -> attr & TYPE) != REG || token.valu != A;
- }
-
- static int grab_comma()
- {
- TOKEN *lex();
-
- return (lex() -> attr & TYPE) != SEP;
- }
-
- static void s_error()
- {
- void error();
-
- bytes = 2; error('S');
- }
-
- static void pseudo_op()
- {
- SCRATCH char *s;
- SCRATCH unsigned *o, u;
- SCRATCH SYMBOL *l;
- int popc();
- unsigned expr();
- SYMBOL *find_symbol(), *new_symbol();
- TOKEN *lex();
- void do_label(), error(), fatal_error();
- void hseek(), pushc(), trash(), unlex();
-
- o = obj;
- switch (opcod -> valu) {
- case DB: do_label();
- do {
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == SEP) u = 0;
- else {
- if (token.attr == STR) {
- trash(); pushc(u = popc());
- if (u == ',' || u == '\n') {
- for (s = token.sval; *s; *o++ = *s++)
- ++bytes;
- lex(); continue;
- }
- }
- unlex();
- if ((u = expr()) > 0xff && u < 0xff80) {
- u = 0; error('V');
- }
- }
- *o++ = low(u); ++bytes;
- } while ((token.attr & TYPE) == SEP);
- break;
-
- case DS: do_label(); u = word(pc + expr());
- if (forwd) error('P');
- else {
- pc = u;
- if (pass == 2) hseek(pc);
- }
- break;
-
- case DW: do_label();
- do {
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == SEP) u = 0;
- else { unlex(); u = expr(); }
- *o++ = low(u); *o++ = high(u);
- bytes += 2;
- } while ((token.attr & TYPE) == SEP);
- break;
-
- case ELSE: listhex = FALSE;
- if (ifsp) off = (ifstack[ifsp] = -ifstack[ifsp]) != ON;
- else error('I');
- break;
-
- case END: do_label();
- if (filesp) { listhex = FALSE; error('*'); }
- else {
- done = eject = TRUE;
- if (pass == 2 && (lex() -> attr & TYPE) != EOL) {
- unlex(); hseek(address = expr());
- }
- if (ifsp) error('I');
- }
- break;
-
- case ENDIF: listhex = FALSE;
- if (ifsp) off = ifstack[--ifsp] != ON;
- else error('I');
- break;
-
- case EQU: if (label[0]) {
- if (pass == 1) {
- if (!((l = new_symbol(label)) -> attr)) {
- l -> attr = FORWD + VAL; address = expr();
- if (!forwd) l -> valu = address;
- }
- }
- else {
- if (l = find_symbol(label)) {
- l -> attr = VAL; address = expr();
- if (forwd) error('P');
- if (l -> valu != address) error('M');
- }
- else error('P');
- }
- }
- else error('L');
- break;
-
- case IF: if (++ifsp == IFDEPTH) fatal_error(IFOFLOW);
- address = expr();
- if (forwd) { error('P'); address = TRUE; }
- if (off) { listhex = FALSE; ifstack[ifsp] = NULL; }
- else {
- ifstack[ifsp] = address ? ON : OFF;
- if (!address) off = TRUE;
- }
- break;
-
- case INCL: listhex = FALSE; do_label();
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == STR) {
- if (++filesp == FILES) fatal_error(FLOFLOW);
- if (!(filestk[filesp] = fopen(token.sval,"r"))) {
- --filesp; error('V');
- }
- }
- else error('S');
- break;
-
- case ORG: u = expr();
- if (forwd) error('P');
- else {
- pc = address = u;
- if (pass == 2) hseek(pc);
- }
- do_label();
- break;
-
- case PAGE: listhex = FALSE; do_label();
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) != EOL) {
- unlex(); pagelen = expr();
- if (pagelen > 0 && pagelen < 3) {
- pagelen = 0; error('V');
- }
- }
- eject = TRUE;
- break;
-
- case REGI: if (label[0]) {
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) != REG || forwd ||
- (u = token.valu) < R0 || u > R7) {
- error('S'); u = R0;
- }
- if (pass == 1) {
- if (!((l = new_symbol(label)) -> attr)) {
- l -> attr = FORWD + REG;
- address = (l -> valu = u) - R0;
- }
- }
- else {
- if (l = find_symbol(label)) {
- l -> attr = REG; address = u - R0;
- if (forwd) error('P');
- if (l -> valu != u) error('M');
- }
- else error('P');
- }
- }
- else error('L');
- break;
-
- case SET: if (label[0]) {
- if (pass == 1) {
- if (!((l = new_symbol(label)) -> attr)
- || (l -> attr & SOFT)) {
- l -> attr = FORWD + SOFT + VAL;
- address = expr();
- if (!forwd) l -> valu = address;
- }
- }
- else {
- if (l = find_symbol(label)) {
- address = expr();
- if (forwd) error('P');
- else if (l -> attr & SOFT) {
- l -> attr = SOFT + VAL;
- l -> valu = address;
- }
- else error('M');
- }
- else error('P');
- }
- }
- else error('L');
- break;
-
- case TITL: listhex = FALSE; do_label();
- if ((lex() -> attr & TYPE) == EOL) title[0] = '\0';
- else if ((token.attr & TYPE) != STR) error('S');
- else strcpy(title,token.sval);
- break;
-
- }
- return;
- }
- if (l = find_symbol(label)) {
- l -> attr = REG; address = u - R0;
- if (forwd) error('P');
- if